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Politics
Barry C. Burden, Professor of Political Science, Director of the Elections Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Paper ballots are good, but accurately hand-counting them all is next to impossible

Maricopa County, Ariz., conducted a hand recount of the 2020 elections for president and U.S. Senate. AP Photo/Matt York, Pool

Among people, mostly Republicans, who remain the most suspicious of the 2020 presidential election results, there’s something of a movement to return to the days when election ballots in the United States were counted by hand. One 67,000-person county in Georgia recently required a hand count of all ballots, for instance. But they, and others seeking similar changes around the country, are likely to find themselves disappointed – either by failure to mandate hand-counting or by how election results are handled if they succeed.

Requiring hand-counting of all ballots would take elections back many decades to practices that were common in the mid-1800s. In that era, political parties produced a variety of paper “tickets” that were counted at polling places on election night. When states started taking responsibility for producing ballots in the late 19th century, automated machines began to be used for both casting and tabulating votes.

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