A recent research expedition near Valparaíso, Chile, has uncovered a treasure trove of biodiversity in the deep-sea ecosystems of the Salas y Gómez and Nazca Ridges. These underwater mountain ranges, stretching nearly 1,870 miles, are teeming with life, including important fishery species like jack mackerel and swordfish, as well as rare species found nowhere else in the ocean.
The expedition, conducted by the Schmidt Ocean Institute in collaboration with Universidad Católica del Norte, utilized advanced technology aboard the R/V Falkor to explore the depths of the seamounts. Equipped with a remotely operated vehicle (ROV), cameras, and various instruments, scientists made groundbreaking discoveries, including the identification of over 100 potentially new species thriving in the region.
One of the highlights of the expedition was the observation of a spiraling coral at a depth of 1419 meters on Seamount JF1 within the Mar de Juan Fernández Multiple Uses Marine Protected Area off the coast of central Chile. This finding underscores the importance of preserving these unique habitats.
During the survey spanning from Chile to Rapa Nui ('Easter Island'), researchers also stumbled upon four previously unknown seamounts, further expanding our understanding of the marine environment in this region. The deployment of an underwater robot capable of descending almost 15,000 feet revealed diverse ecosystems on the seamounts, including sponge gardens and coral reefs inhabited by various marine species such as squat lobsters, sea urchins, and amphipods.
While the full identification of these newly discovered species may take years, the data collected during the expedition will be invaluable for conservation efforts and the establishment of marine protected areas in the high seas. The deep-sea habitats off the coasts of Chile and Peru serve as crucial way stations for migratory species like sea turtles and whales, highlighting the ecological significance of these remote areas.
Despite the threats posed by climate change, plastic pollution, deep-sea mining, and bottom trawling, the exploration of these deep-sea ecosystems sheds light on the rich biodiversity that exists in the ocean's depths. With only a fraction of the ocean floor mapped and countless species yet to be discovered, ongoing research efforts like those undertaken by the Schmidt Ocean Institute are essential for the conservation and sustainable management of our marine resources.
The success of the recent expedition has inspired further exploration, with plans to continue data collection throughout the year. The institute's commitment to understanding and protecting the marine environment underscores the importance of scientific research in safeguarding our oceans for future generations.
