Navigating the complexities of state taxes can be daunting, but understanding Montana's tax landscape is essential for residents and newcomers alike.
In this guide, we'll explore key components of the Treasure State's tax system, from income and sales taxes to property taxes and retirement benefits.
Montana state tax: Overview
Montana doesn't have a statewide sales tax, which can make everyday purchases feel a bit lighter. In some tourist-heavy spots, you might run into a local resort tax, but for most residents, sales tax is not something to worry about.
When it comes to income tax, many middle-class families might find themselves in the top bracket, though recent changes have lowered the rate. And, as of 2026, Montana is increasing its Earned Income Tax Credit from 10% to 20% of the federal credit.
Property taxes in Montana are generally lower than in many other states, which is a welcome benefit for homeowners.
[Data for this state tax guide was gathered from several sources, including the U.S. Census Bureau, the state’s government website, the Sales Tax Handbook and the Tax Foundation. Property taxes are cited as a rate percentage rather than the assessed value.]
Montana income tax
Montana has a graduated state individual income tax rate ranging from 4.70% to 5.90% (5.65% in 2026), according to the Tax Foundation.
The top tax rate will drop to 5.4% in 2027.
Montana retirement taxes
Montana tax on retirement benefits. Montana taxes Social Security retirement benefits, but the amount taxed might differ from the federal taxable amount.
Railroad Retirement benefits aren't taxed in Montana.
Tax on taxable income. Low of 4.7% (on up to $21,100 for single filers and $42,200 for joint filers) and a high of 5.9% (5.65% in for taxable income exceeding those thresholds for 2025.
- Social Security: Taxable (Partially deductible)
- Pensions: Taxable
- 401(k) and IRA distributions: Taxable
Montana sales tax
Montana doesn't have a statewide sales tax. However, some areas with populations under 5,500 might impose a resort tax.
What is the property tax rate in Montana?
In Montana, the average effective property tax rate is 0.6%.
Source: Tax Foundation
As of 2026, Montana further split its property tax roll with lower taxes for primary residencies and long-term rental properties, and higher taxes for second homes, cabins, and short-term rentals (i.e. Airbnb).
Montana property tax breaks for retirees
Homeowner/renter credit. Some homeowners and renters might qualify for a tax credit of up to $1,150. To qualify, Montana residents must meet the following criteria.
- Be age 62 or older
- Have lived in Montana for a minimum of nine months
- Have lived at the same residence for a minimum of six months
- Have household income under $45,000
Montana gas tax
Gasoline |
27 cents per gallon |
Diesel |
28 cents per gallon |
Source: Sales Tax Handbook
Montana alcohol and tobacco taxes
Product |
Tax Amount |
|---|---|
Cigarettes |
$1.70 per pack |
Other tobacco Products |
50% of wholesale price |
Medical marijuana |
4% |
Recreational marijuana |
20% |
Source: Sales Tax Handbook
Product |
Tax Amount |
|---|---|
Wine |
$1.06 per gallon |
Beer |
14 cents per gallon |
Liquor |
state-controlled |
Source: Sales Tax Handbook
Montana estate and inheritance taxes
Montana is one of the states with no estate or inheritance taxes.
