Microsoft’s had a pretty wild ride over the last day.
Yesterday, the company’s quarterly results steamed past analyst estimates on the basis of strong cloud and productivity software growth. Microsoft also slightly beat Wall Street’s predictions regarding growth in its A.I. sales, revealing it already had more than 2,500 customers for its Azure-OpenAI tie-in. Oh, and Bing is booming, again thanks to the search engine's recent A.I.-ification. Microsoft shares soared over 8.3% in after-hours trading.
And then, today, Microsoft’s biggest-ever acquisition—heck, the U.S. tech industry’s biggest-ever acquisition—was dealt what may well be a mortal blow. The U.K.’s Competition and Markets Authority blocked the firm’s $69 billion purchase of Activision-Blizzard, mainly because of its potential negative effects on the cloud gaming market, which is starting to give gamers a real option that doesn’t require having to purchase a gaming console, like Microsoft's Xbox, or hardcore PC processing power.
Microsoft and Activision say they will appeal the decision. “This decision appears to reflect a flawed understanding of this market and the way the relevant cloud technology actually works,” said Microsoft president Brad Smith in a statement. “We’re confident in our case because the facts are on our side: this deal is good for competition,” wrote Activision CEO Bobby Kotick in a staff email.
Meanwhile, Activision corporate affairs chief Lulu Cheng Meservey tweeted somewhat hyperbolically that the CMA’s decision was “a disservice to U.K. citizens, who face increasingly dire economic prospects, and we will need to reassess our growth strategy in the U.K. Global innovators large and small will take note that—despite all its rhetoric—the U.K. is closed for business.” Along with Kotick saying in February that the agency was “confused” and “not really using independent thought,” I’m not sure Activision has figured out how to charm regulators.
Let’s have a quick glance at the CMA’s reasoning:
- Microsoft already holds around two-thirds of the global cloud gaming market, which is starting to grow rapidly.
- Without the merger, Activision would start putting hit titles like Call of Duty onto cloud gaming services pretty soon.
- Buying Activision would give Microsoft such a strong position in this nascent market that it “would risk undermining” the opportunities that cloud gaming offers to consumers for freeing themselves from expensive consoles and PCs.
- Microsoft’s proposed solution—a series of 10-year deals to ensure Call of Duty’s availability on Nintendo and other non-Microsoft platforms—“did not sufficiently cover different cloud gaming service business models, including multigame subscription services,” and “would standardize the terms and conditions on which games are available, as opposed to them being determined by the dynamism and creativity of competition in the market, as would be expected in the absence of the merger.”
- Also, the CMA would need to police whether Microsoft is sticking to the terms of those 10-year deals, which would constitute regulatory intervention that could affect the development of the cloud gaming market, so just blocking the merger is actually better for the market overall.
Activision's Kotick is adamant that the CMA’s rejection is “far from the final word on this deal.” However, it’s pretty darn close. The companies now need to appeal to the U.K.’s Competition Appeal Tribunal, which won’t be interested in the merits of the CMA’s decision, nor in the companies’ evidence—and certainly not in their threats about the U.K. economy. Instead, they will have to demonstrate that the decision was irrational, illegal, or procedurally improper. This is difficult, which is why the CMA tends to win such appeals (though not always, as Apple recently demonstrated with a successful appeal—won on a point of law—against the CMA’s opening of an antitrust probe).
If Microsoft and Activision lose their appeal, they would only be able to appeal further on a point of law. And even if they manage to convince the tribunal that the CMA blew this call, the case would then go back to the CMA for reevaluation. So even in the best-case scenario, this is going to drag on for a long time yet.
Microsoft’s share price has actually taken only a minor dent from the CMA’s decision today, suggesting Wall Street sees this as a side-show to yesterday’s stellar results. However, Activision Blizzard’s share price dropped as much as 10%, reflecting the seriousness of the games publisher becoming stuck in lengthy legal limbo.
As for the biggest takeaway for the wider industry…well, I kinda wrote it yesterday: A few years after Brexit, the U.K.’s tech regulators are showing the world that they can be at least as tough as their EU counterparts—and just as influential, given how these decisions affect users around the world.
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David Meyer
Data Sheet’s daily news section was written and curated by Andrea Guzman.
