A comprehensive peer-reviewed review published June 21, 2026, in the journal Carcinogenesis has reached the most unambiguous conclusion to date about the cancer risk posed by e-cigarettes: nicotine-based vapes are likely to cause cancers of the lung and oral cavity.
The review was led by UNSW Sydney cancer researcher Adjunct Professor Bernard Stewart AM and included investigators from the University of Queensland, Flinders University, the University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, The Prince Charles Hospital, and Sunshine Coast University Hospital. The team brought together pharmacists, epidemiologists, thoracic surgeons, and public health researchers, a deliberate cross-disciplinary approach designed to evaluate the evidence from every scientific angle simultaneously.
