Learner drivers are having difficulty booking tests this year because of the backlog caused by coronavirus.
A rapid decline in driving instructors and baby booms around 17 years ago are also being blamed for the delays, with a report by learner driver insurers Marmalade saying they don't expect it to improve until January 2024.
Some learner drivers in Cardiff trying to book a test now can't find any dates left this year and fear they will have to wait until 2023 to get a date.