Diabetic eye disease encompasses a group of eye conditions that affect people with diabetes, including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, cataracts, and glaucoma. Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of vision loss among people with diabetes and a leading cause of blindness among working-age adults. It occurs when high blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. Over time, these damaged vessels can leak fluid or bleed, distorting vision.
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a consequence of diabetic retinopathy where fluid leaks into the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. This can lead to swelling and blurred vision. Cataracts and glaucoma are also more prevalent among individuals with diabetes, further highlighting the need for vigilant eye care.
