Forty-four people have been charged by police over Just Stop Oil protests that targeted the National Gallery and Whitehall on Monday.
Among them are two people charged with causing criminal damage, after allegedly smashing glass protecting Diego Velázquez's centuries-old painting The Rokeby Venus.
The Met said on Wednesday more than 100 people were arrested during Monday's protests.
Hanan Ameur, 22, of Hornsey Road in Islington, and 20-year-old Harrison Donnelly, 20, of Sillitoe Way in Nottingham were "charged with criminal damage after the protective glass of a painting at the National Gallery was vandalised", Scotland Yard said in a statement.
It said the historic painting - which was famously slashed by suffragette Mary Richardson in March 1914 - "sustained minimal damage but is undergoing conservation treatment".
Forty-two other people were charged with obstruction of the highway following two slow marches along Whitehall.
"Of the 44 people charged, 20 have been remanded in custody while the other 24 were bailed with conditions," said the Met.
"During the first of the two slow marches, officers made 79 arrests in 18 minutes to clear Whitehall with a further 25 arrests made during the second slow march."
Climate action group Just Stop Oil (JSO) is currently staging a three-week campaign of protests which they claim will cause disruption on an “unprecedented scale”.
It said 130 people took part in Monday's march along Whitehall towards Parliament Square, which was broken up by police after it reportedly brought traffic near Downing Street to a halt.
Photos surfaced showing protesters on the ground near the Cenotaph on Whitehall on Monday, but the group denied allegations it had targeted the war memorial, and said police had "moved people there when they were being arrested", something which police later confirmed.
The Met said on Wednesday it had made 219 arrests and charged 98 people, since JSO began its autumn action on October 30.
"Ultimately it is Londoners who are bearing the brunt and cost of Just Stop Oil’s disruption," a spokesperson added.
Just Stop Oil has previously targeted museums, galleries, sporting events across the UK as part of its campaign to highlight climate change, and has held dozens of blockades of major roads during rush hour as part of its strategy.
