The First Minister has convened a security meeting with Police Scotland after the UK’s national threat level was raised from substantial to severe.
John Swinney said he was also engaged with the country’s Jewish community following an attack in England.
Essa Suleiman, 45, is accused of trying to kill his own friend before allegedly stabbing two Jewish men in the street in London’s Golders Green area.
The national threat level was raised following the incident, meaning an attack is highly likely.
The Scottish Government said it was “actively engaged” with Jewish community leaders to ensure people are supported and reassured that policing and security measures are in place.
The First Minister was briefed by Chief Constable Jo Farrell and Assistant Chief Constable Stuart Houston on the security measures in place across Scotland.
Social Justice Secretary Shirley-Anne Somerville will also speak directly to representatives of the Jewish Council of Scotland on Friday.
Police Scotland has said there is nothing to suggest a specific threat to Scotland and has encouraged people across the country to be alert, but not alarmed, while remaining vigilant.
Mr Swinney said: “I utterly condemn the horrific antisemitic attack at Golders Green which has caused further fear and anxiety for the Jewish community here in Scotland.
“Antisemitism has absolutely no place in our society and Jewish people must be able to live in safety.
“The Scottish Government has been actively engaging with Police Scotland and Jewish community leaders to offer support, provide reassurance and discuss safety considerations.
“Violence and hatred of all kinds are completely unacceptable and with the change to the UK national threat level, I know people – especially our Jewish community – will be feeling more anxious and distressed.
“I want to stress that Police Scotland are closely monitoring the situation and are taking steps to ensure appropriate security measures are in place to protect individuals and communities.
“Everyone in Scotland has a responsibility to ensure we all feel safe, so I encourage everyone to follow Police Scotland’s advice to remain vigilant.”
Assistant Chief Constable Houston, of the Organised Crime and Counter Terrorism unit, said: “Today the Home Secretary announced an increase in the UK’s terrorism threat level to severe, meaning an attack is now highly likely.
“This decision has been made in response to a series of recent attacks on Jewish communities and a terror attack declared in north London on April 29. I want to stress that there is no intelligence to suggest any specific threat to Scotland.
“However, I do want to take this opportunity to urge the public to remain alert but not alarmed. You should remain vigilant and report any suspicious activity to Police Scotland.”
Suleiman is accused of trying to kill Shloime Rand, 34, and Norman Shine, 76, during a knife rampage through the streets of the north London suburb on Wednesday.
Mr Rand was attacked as he left his synagogue, Westminster Magistrates’ Court heard, while Mr Shine was allegedly stabbed in the neck at a bus stop as he adjusted the traditional Jewish kippah on his head.
As Suleiman appeared in court for the first time on Friday, it was revealed that he is accused of attempting to murder a man he had known for around 20 years, Ishmail Hussein, at his home in Southwark in the hours before the Golders Green attacks.
