In the last few weeks, months, and even years, wars have dominated headlines. The full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the Israel–Hamas conflict, and now the escalation of the United States–Israel war with Iran have all contributed to bringing defence and security back into the political debate.
This tense environment has deeply influenced discussions in the European Union, with countries increasing defence spending and the European Commission chief Ursula von der Leyen proposing, in March 2025, the ReArm Europe/Readiness plan to support member states’ defence investments.
