Probably the most important processor in PC history was introduced on this day 48 years ago. June 8, 1978, marked the birth of the x86 architecture with the arrival of the 16-bit Intel 8086 CPU. This lineage continues to the majority of PCs today, almost half a century later. Ironically, this chip and its x86 architecture, the result of 18 months of R&D, was meant only as a stopgap because Intel’s complex, clean-sheet 32-bit iAPX 432 project was delayed.
The Intel 8086 was designed by a team of four engineers and 12 layout people led by Stephen P. Morse. Reports indicate that the impetus behind this project was to provide a practical, timely alternative to upcoming 16-bit Motorola and Zilog CPU designs. The fabled 8086 processor was only meant as a stopgap, as Intel had bitten off a bit more than it could chew with the iAPX 432 project, begun a year prior. As a side note, the 432 finally shipped in 1981 and was deemed too expensive, too complex, and fatally too slow when it arrived.
