For most countries, volcanoes represent danger, destruction and uncertainty. In Iceland, they are also one of the nation's greatest assets. Sitting atop one of the world's most geologically active regions, the Nordic island has spent decades harnessing the heat beneath its surface to warm homes, generate electricity and reduce its dependence on fossil fuels. Today, around 90% of Icelandic homes are heated using geothermal energy, while nearly all of the country's electricity comes from renewable sources, primarily hydropower and geothermal power. This remarkable transformation has made Iceland one of the world's cleanest and most sustainable energy systems, offering lessons for countries seeking cleaner alternatives.
How Iceland turned volcanic heat into everyday energy
