Sitting in the dirt, Valerie Kahindo picks spoiled kernels from a sack of maize - the only job the farmer can find in the eastern Congolese city of Goma after rebel fighters seized her fields and forced her to flee without her family.
The mother of eight is among 450,000 people displaced in this year's renewed offensive by the M23 rebel group, whose seizure of land in North Kivu province has also severed key trade routes and disrupted farming that is the backbone of the local economy.
