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The Guardian - UK
The Guardian - UK
World
Andrei Netto in Havana. Photographs by Natalia Favre

‘History will tell’: as US pressure grows, Cuba edges closer to collapse amid mass exodus

A boy crouches while another stands next to a mural in Havana of a woman and a man carrying a machete wrapped in a ribbon of the Cuban flag
Enthusiasm for the ideals of the 1959 revolution may be fading with the murals in Cuba, but many islanders still want change to come from within. Photograph: Natalia Favre/The Guardian

Hatri Echazabal Orta lives in Madrid, Spain. Maykel Fernández is in Charlotte, in the US, while Cristian Cuadra remains in Havana, Cuba – for now. All Cubans, all raised on revolutionary ideals and educated in good state-run schools, they have become disillusioned with the cherished national narrative that Cuba is a country of revolution and resistance. Facing a lack of political openness and poor economic prospects, each of them made the same decision: to leave.

They are not alone. After 68 years of partial sanctions and nearly 64 years of total economic embargo by the US, independent demographic studies suggest that Cuba is going through the world’s fastest population decline and is probably already below 8 million – a 25% drop in just four years, suggesting its population has shrunk by an average of about 820,000 people a year.

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