The Biden administration wants to "accelerate" its conversations with big technology companies on how to generate more electricity — including with nuclear power — to meet their massive demand for artificial intelligence computing.
Why it matters: The growing demand for power from AI and data centers is a "problem" that needs to be addressed, Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm tells Axios in a wide-ranging interview.
- "AI itself isn't a problem, because AI could help to solve the problem," Granholm said last week during a tour of the Midwest, where she was selling President Biden's record on green tech and manufacturing.
- The DOE is exploring how energy-hungry tech firms might be able to host small nuclear plants on the campuses of their massive data centers.
- But conversations with big companies like Microsoft, Google and Amazon need "to accelerate, because this demand for power is only going up," she said.
Driving the news: Granholm spoke with Axios after she announced a $1.52 billion loan guarantee to help restart a shuttered nuclear power plant on the shores of Lake Michigan last week.
- If the Holtec Palisades plant receives regulatory approval, it will become the first recommissioned nuclear facility in U.S. history — part of "major milestones" the Energy Department expects this year for nuclear energy.
- In recent years, electricity consumption has been largely flat, but the needs of electric vehicles, AI computing and data centers — plus clean tech manufacturing — has added new demands on utilities.
Between the lines: The promise of nuclear energy, which currently accounts for 20% of U.S. power generation, was clearly on Granholm's mind.
- It has bipartisan support on Capitol Hill.
- At the same time, the Energy Department is grappling with the growing energy needs from AI computing.
What we're watching: Tech companies have been exploring — and investing in — nuclear fusion to help power their data centers, even as they shift power to renewable sources. But fusion technology could be years away.
- Another source is nuclear fission, produced by small modular reactors (SMRs).
- "Not all of them, but a lot of them— Microsoft, etc. — are interested in bringing their own clean power," Granholm said. And some technology companies are already shifting to running data centers on renewables.
- Still, getting all the appropriate permits to build SMRs is an issue, she said, as are costs.
- "We're trying to crack the code," she said. "How do you bring down that cost, so that utilities are willing to take on the risk of SMRs?"
