What you need to know
- Google's latest Gemini API update adds enhanced support for structured outputs.
- JSON Schema in the Gemini API allows developers, businesses, and schools to ensure data consistency between AI workflows.
- The functionality is helpful for agentic workflows and LLM processing.
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Google is updating the Gemini API to include better support for structured outputs, and the improvements will make it easier to use the API across multiple AI agents. The feature specifically adds support for JSON Schema, with allows the Gemini API to tap into data validation libraries like Pydantic and Zod. Previously, the Gemini API only support schemas based on the OpenAI 3.0 specification.
"Structured Outputs enable AI models to generate responses that guarantee adherence to a specific schema, which is important for tasks like data extraction and database population," Google explains in a blog post. "They are also important for agent communication: one agent’s output becomes another’s formatted input, enabling complex multi-agent systems to collaborate without translation layers."
JSON Schema support applies to all Gemini models that are still actively supported by Google, including all Gemini 2.5 models. One feature, implicit property ordering, also works with Google's OpenAI compatibility API. In the example code provided by Google below, you'll see the revised Gemini API in action, which keeps an identical order to the ordering of schema keys:
from google import genaifrom pydantic import BaseModel, Fieldfrom typing import Union, Literalclass SpamDetails(BaseModel): """Details for content classified as spam.""" reason: str = Field(description="The reason why the content is considered spam.") spam_type: Literal["phishing", "scam", "unsolicited promotion", "other"] = Field(description="The type of spam.")class NotSpamDetails(BaseModel): """Details for content classified as not spam.""" summary: str = Field(description="A brief summary of the content.") is_safe: bool = Field(description="Whether the content is safe for all audiences.")class ModerationResult(BaseModel): """The result of content moderation.""" decision: Union[SpamDetails, NotSpamDetails]client = genai.Client()prompt = """Please moderate the following content and provide a decision.Content: 'Congratulations! You've won a free cruise to the Bahamas. Click here to claim your prize: www.definitely-not-a-scam.com'"""response = client.models.generate_content( model="gemini-2.5-flash", contents=prompt, config={ "response_mime_type": "application/json", "response_json_schema": ModerationResult.model_json_schema(), },)recipe = ModerationResult.model_validate_json(response.text)print(recipe)Structured outputs, including JSON Schema, are available in the Gemini API starting today. Users can check out the official documentation in Google's Gemini API Docs to learn more.
Gemini API's schema support is built for agentic AI systems
You might be wondering, how are structured outputs used in the real world? Google's answer to that question is simple: agentic AI. Google has been touting the future of agentic AI for a while now, starting with an appearance at Samsung's Galaxy Unpacked event in January 2025 and continuing at Google I/O in May 2025. There are consumer-facing projects that leverage agentic help, like Agent Mode, and more developer and enterprise tools — like the Gemini API.
In this case, businesses, schools, and developers can use the Gemini API to create multi-agent workflows for processing data. It ensures that schemas remain consistent across various AI agents and LLMs, which is critical for data processing an extraction. While you might not use structured outputs as the average Android user, you'll certainly encounter software applications that leverage the Gemini API's newest features.
