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The Conversation
The Conversation
Science
Adrienne Mayor, Research Scholar, Classics and History and Philosophy of Science, Stanford University

From whistling arrows and trumpeting elephants to battle cries and eerie horns, ancient soldiers used sound to frighten and confuse their enemies

Three soldiers (far right) carry karnyxes, long horns with frightening boar-headed mouths that produce eerie calls during battle. Prisma/Universal Images Group via Getty Images

As if the tumultuous din of battle is not horrendous enough, over the ages humans have discovered plenty of ways to exploit sound in warfare. I found an astonishing variety of ancient acoustic weapons while researching my book “Greek Fire, Poison Arrows, and Scorpion Bombs: Unconventional Warfare in the Ancient World.” Deploying sound in war has evolved over millennia, from natural animal sounds and music to today’s advanced sonic devices.

Calling a jig in the midst of battle

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