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The Conversation
The Conversation
Peter Mullner, Distinguished Professor in Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University

From glass and steel to rare earth metals, new materials have changed society throughout history

Steel played a large role in the Industrial Revolution. Monty Rakusen/DigitalVision via Getty Images

Many modern devices – from cellphones and computers to electric vehicles and wind turbines – rely on strong magnets made from a type of minerals called rare earths. As the systems and infrastructure used in daily life have turned digital and the United States has moved toward renewable energy, accessing these minerals has become critical – and the markets for these elements have grown rapidly.

Modern society now uses rare earth magnets in everything from national defense, where magnet-based systems are integral to missile guidance and aircraft, to the clean energy transition, which depends on wind turbines and electric vehicles.

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