The U.S. aviation sector was struggling to return to normal on Wednesday after a nationwide ground stop imposed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) over a computer issue that forced a 90-minute halt to all U.S. departing flights.
More than 10,000 flights have been delayed so far and over 1,300 canceled, according to FlightAware, in the first national grounding of flights in about two decades. Many industry officials compared the grounding to what occurred after the terror attacks on Sept. 11, 2001.
Major carriers, such as Southwest Airlines Co, United Airlines, Delta Air Lines and American Airlines, all reported 40% or more of flights Wednesday delayed or canceled, though airline officials expressed confidence that normal operations could largely return by Thursday.
The FAA computer issue had prevented airports from filing updated safety notices that warn pilots of potential hazards such as runway closures, poor weather and construction, bringing flights to a temporary halt.
FAA officials said a preliminary review traced the problem to a damaged database file, but added that there was no evidence of a cyberattack and that the investigation was continuing. The same file corrupted both the main system and its backup, said people familiar with the review, who asked not to be identified.
FAA officials said they were working to "further pinpoint the causes" so the problem could be avoided in the future.
Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg told CNN the ground stop was the "right call" to make sure messages were getting sent correctly and there was no direct evidence of cyberattack.
The White House said President Joe Biden had confidence in Buttigieg.
Buttigieg told reporters a backup system went into effect on Tuesday but questions were raised about the system's performance, which led to a complete reboot of the system and prompted the FAA to issue the ground stop about 7:30 a.m. EST (1230 GMT). It was lifted just before 9 a.m. EST.
An FAA advisory said the system that provides so-called Notices to Air Missions with safety messages for pilots and others failed about 3:30 p.m. EST on Tuesday, which meant no new messages could be processed.
The outage occurred at a typically slow time after the holiday travel season, but demand remains strong as travel continues to recover to near pre-pandemic levels.
It could affect traffic through Friday, said Captain Chris Torres, vice president of the Allied Pilots Association.
"This thing was lifted at 9 a.m. Eastern. That doesn't mean the problem stops at 9 a.m. This is going to cause ripple effects," said Torres, whose members fly for American Airlines.
One issue airlines are facing is trying to get planes in and out of crowded gates, causing further delays. Crews' time-limit rules may also be a factor.
At an airport in Greenville, South Carolina, Justin Kennedy abandoned a work trip to nearby Charlotte, North Carolina. He described confusion as airline employees and many passengers were initially unaware of the FAA's moves and flight delays.
"I sat in a Chick-fil-A dining area that had a good view of the TSA exit," the 30-year-old information technology employee said. "I saw at least four people sprinting to gates because they thought they were going to miss their flight, only to come back to the food court, out of breath."
'CATASTROPHIC' FAILURE
U.S. airline customers have few alternatives. Driving distances are too great, and the country's passenger rail network is thin compared with those in other countries.
The U.S. Travel Association, which represents the travel industry including airlines, called the FAA system failure "catastrophic."
The outage appeared to have limited impact on transatlantic routes.
U.S. Senate Commerce Committee Chair Maria Cantwell, a Democrat, said the panel would investigate. Republican Senator Ted Cruz called the failure "completely unacceptable."
Shares of U.S. carriers rebounded after the market opened as flights resumed. The S&P 500 airlines index closed up 0.9%.
An operational meltdown at Southwest at the end of last year stranded thousands.
The DOT, FAA's parent agency, criticized Southwest's failures and pressured the airline to compensate passengers. Buttigieg on Wednesday rejected the suggestion the FAA should reimburse travelers for delays caused by the outage.
The FAA suffered another significant computer issue on Jan. 2 that led to significant delays in Florida flights.
Package delivery companies FedEx, United Parcel Service and DHL, which rely heavily on planes, said they faced minimal disruptions on Wednesday.
Separately on Wednesday afternoon, air traffic control manager NAV Canada reported an outage of about 90 minutes in a similar messaging system used in Canada, but said the issue had not caused any flight delays. The agency said it did not believe its outage was related to the FAA one, but was investigating.
Ria Malhotra, a 29-year-old resident physician from Weehawken, New Jersey, had been scheduled to fly from Newark to Las Vegas for a medical conference, but her flight was first delayed and then rescheduled. After this, she wonders how much she will fly.
"I just don't want to deal with this process anymore because I feel like flight delays are more the norm than they are the exception to the rule," she said.
(Reporting by Doina Chiacu and David Shepardson in Washington, Abhijith Ganapavaram in Bengaluru, Jamie Freed in Sydney and Rajesh Kumar Singh in ChicagoAdditional reporting by Nathan Gomes and Priyamvada C in Bengaluru, Allison Lampert in Montreal, Doyinsola Oladipo in Newark, New Jersey, Sinead Carew in New York, Ismail Shakil in Ottawa and Steve Holland in WashingtonWriting by Shailesh Kuber, Alexander Smith and Ben KlaymanEditing by Edmund Blair, Nick Zieminski, Matthew Lewis and Gerry Doyle)
