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Jun Du, Professor of Economics, Centre Director of Centre for Business Prosperity (CBP), Aston University

Europe has five options for responding to Trump’s Greenland threats. None of them look good

Johannes Madsen/Shutterstock

European negotiators believed they had bought stability in July 2025 amid the global trade turmoil sparked by Donald Trump’s liberation day tariffs. The EU’s deal with the US involved eliminating tariffs on American goods, purchasing US energy and committing to American investment. But six months later, as the US president made his intentions regarding Greenland clear, it collapsed.

Trump has now threatened new tariffs on eight European countries, the UK among them. The tariffs punish countries that sent military personnel to Greenland in support of Danish sovereignty.

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