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The Guardian - UK
The Guardian - UK
National
Rachel Hall and Severin Carrell

Fertility rate hits record low in England, Scotland and Wales

Newborn baby wearing hospital ID bracelet in maternity ward
For a country’s population to remain stable over time – discounting any impact from migration – the total fertility rate needs to be about 2.1. Photograph: UK Stock Images Ltd/Alamy

The fertility rate for England and Wales has fallen for the third year in a row to reach a record low, figures show.

The total fertility rate across both countries, meaning the average number of live children women can expect to have across their child-bearing life, stood at 1.41 in 2024, down from 1.42 in 2023, the lowest since comparable data was first collected in 1938, according to the Office for National Statistics (ONS).

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