Consumer cryptocurrency trading should be regulated as gambling, the treasury committee has urged.
In a new report, the committee called for consumer trading in unbacked crypto assets to be treated in regulation as gambling.
The cross-party committee of MPs said cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin are being used by criminals in scams and money laundering.
Unbacked crypto assets – often called cryptocurrencies – are not supported by underlying assets, the committee added.
They pose significant risks to consumers, given their price volatility and the risk of losses, according to the MPs, who said retail trading in unbacked crypto more closely resembles gambling than a financial service and should be regulated as such.
The report said: “We strongly recommend that the government regulates retail trading and investment activity in unbacked crypto assets as gambling rather than as a financial service, consistent with its stated principle of ‘same risk, same regulatory outcome’.”
The committee pointed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) figures indicating that around 10 per cent of UK adults hold or have held crypto assets.
The MPs also said potential productive innovation in financial services should not be unduly constrained.
They said technologies underlying crypto assets may bring some benefits to financial services, particularly for cross-border transactions and payments in less developed countries.
A balanced approach should be taken to supporting the development of crypto asset technologies, while avoiding spending public resources on projects without a clear, beneficial use, the MPs said.
Harriett Baldwin, chair of the treasury committee, said: “The events of 2022 have highlighted the risks posed to consumers by the crypto asset industry, large parts of which remain a wild west.
“Effective regulation is clearly needed to protect consumers from harm, as well as to support productive innovation in the UK’s financial services industry.
“However, with no intrinsic value, huge price volatility and no discernible social good, consumer trading of cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin more closely resembles gambling than a financial service, and should be regulated as such.
“By betting on these unbacked ‘tokens’, consumers should be aware that all their money could be lost.”
The committee is considering central bank digital currencies as a separate piece of work.
A treasury spokesperson said: “Risks posed by crypto are typical of those that exist in traditional financial services and it’s financial services regulation – rather than gambling regulation – that has the track record in mitigating them.
“Crypto offers opportunities but we are taking an agile approach to robustly regulating the market, addressing the most pressing risks first in a way that promotes innovation.”
