Final day of Cop30 - recapped
That’s all from our live coverage of the final day of Cop30 from Belém. It’s been quite a ride.
You can read a full analysis of the outcomes from this climate summit from the Guardian’s Fiona Harvey, Jonathan Watts, Damien Gayle and Damian Carrington who have all been on the ground in Brazil (they’ve done some incredible reporting, and I’m not just saying that because they’re my colleagues).
Before we sign off, here’s what happened today.
Nations agreed to tripled funding for climate adaptation but the goal of about US$120bn a year was pushed back to 2035.
Petrostates like Saudi Arabia successfully fought to keep out any mention of fossil fuels in the final agreement.
About 90 countries committed to a voluntary agreement to develop roadmaps to transition away from fossil fuels. Attempts to make the step a formal part of the UN process failed.
There was drama when the main plenary meeting was stopped after countries complained the Cop chair, André Corrêa do Lago, was gavelling through texts without letting countries speak. He later apologised.
The UN’s chief climate envoy Simon Stiell said: “I’m not saying we’re winning the climate fight. But we are undeniably still in it, and we are fighting back.”
An “accelerator” programme was established to encourage nations to do more.It will report back to next year’s Cop to be held in Turkey.
All nations agreed to the “Just Transition Mechanism” – a step to ensure moved to a green economy are fair for all peoples, but there was no funding attached to it.
You can stay on top of all our Cop30 coverage here.
That’s all from us. Thanks for being with us.
We’ll do it all again in Antalya, Turkey, next year!
Indigenous peoples give mixed review to Cop30
The militarisation of Cop30 shows that Indigenous peoples are still viewed as threats, one Indigenous leader has said, even as he welcomed advances in Indigenous rights in the UN climate summit’s final text.
Brazil had styled Cop30 as the “Indigenous Cop” and the “Amazonian Cop”, with an estimated 2,500 people from Indigenous communities attending.
But Emil Gualinga, of the Kichwa peoples of Sarayaku, Ecuador said Indigenous participation in the Cop process remained limited. He said:
Despite being referred to as an Indigenous COP and despite the historic achievement in the just transition programme, it became clear that Indigenous peoples continue to be excluded from the negotiations, and in many cases, we were not given the floor in negotiation rooms. Nor have most of our proposals been incorporated.
The militarisation of the COP shows that Indigenous Peoples are viewed as threats, and the same happens in our territories: militarisation occurs when Indigenous Peoples defend their rights in the face of oil, mining, and other extractive projects.
Gualinga welcomed new recognitions of Indigenous people’s land rights. But, he added:
We had proposed stronger and more specific language for the Mutirão text, including on the need for full and effective participation in the development and implementation of the NDCs, as well as direct access to financing.
Although there were advances, Indigenous participation in the COPs remains limited, and our proposals are included in the decisions only in a few cases.
Kleber Karipuna of the Karipuna peoples, Articulation of Indigenous Peoples of Brazil (APIB), said the outcome at Cop30 acknowledged the importance of Indigenous people as key actors in confronting the climate emergency, but he called for further strengthening of Indigenous territorial governance.
In Brazil alone, 59 million hectares were recognized as areas that must be secured, protected and managed over the next five years as Indigenous lands. We also saw the announcement of a new financial commitment of 1.8 billion dollars to support the way we manage our territories.
And Toya Manchineri, of the Manchineri peoples, Coordination of Indigenous Organisations of the Brazilian Amazon (COIAB), said:
Indigenous Peoples will remain vigilant, mobilised, and present beyond COP30 to ensure that our voices are respected and that global decisions reflect the urgency we experience in our territories. For some, COP ends today, for us territorial defence in the heart of the Amazon is every day.
