Chatbots can be used to create manipulative content — understanding how this works can help address it

Artificial intelligence can be used to produce persuasive texts that influence behaviour. (Shutterstock)

Manipulative communication includes disinformation, propaganda, con artistry and fraud. With the increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI), manipulative communication is not only being aided by AI, automation and machine learning, but will likely be dominated by such practices in the near future.

‘Social Engineering’ looks at how the internet affected manipulative communication.