That's the question raised by Doe v. Doe, just filed today; you can see the Complaint and the motion to proceed pseudonymously. Here, John Doe accuses Jane Doe (together with Sue Roe, who isn't included as a defendant) of falsely accusing him of sexual assault, and causing John to be expelled from Tulane University "less than one month before he was due to graduate."
My question: How is this defamation case different from any other defamation case brought over accusations of serious misconduct (especially when the defamation hadn't yet been made available to the general public)? Consider John Doe's argument in favor of pseudonymity:
