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Space
Space
Science
Robert Lea

Brown dwarfs: The stars that 'fail'

Graphic illustration of a brown dwarf, glowing red and orange and shrouded in gaseous material.

Brown dwarfs are curious celestial bodies that appear to straddle the mass divide between stars and planets. Often referred to as "failed stars," brown dwarfs form in isolation from a collapsing cloud of gas and dust like a star.

However, while fully-fledged stars continue to gather material from the gas and dust cloud that births them, brown dwarfs are less successful at this mass harvesting. As a result, they don't reach the masses of the smallest stars and can't trigger the process that defines main sequence stars, like our sun.

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