As France dispatches fighter jets and warships to defend its Gulf partners amid US and Israeli strikes on Iran, Paris also faces a more elusive front – on its own soil. Middle East expert Adrian Calamel tells RFI that France remains vulnerable not only to Tehran’s clandestine networks but also to rival Iranian exiles, whose political influence campaigns echo across Europe.
Calamel is co-author of the 2025 report “Infiltration into France of the Islamic Republic of Iran: Spies, Agents of Influence, Thugs – The Mechanics of Chaos”, commissioned by right-wing local politician Gilles Platret and his think tank France 2050.
