A new FIFA concussion test means that doctors can determine in just three minutes if an athlete needs to be substituted or can play on.
The Football-Specific Standardised On-Pitch Concussion Assessment Protocol (FOCUS) has been developed with FIFA's medical team and the six continental member federations. The research has been published by JAMA Neurology.
One author is Australian Kerry Peek, a researcher with Sydney University who is currently at the FIFA World Cup in North America for medical team duties.