With the coming of the long winter nights there's a familiar feeling for women and girls walking the streets - a sense of dread about the extra precautions they'll have to take to feel safe after dark.
Clutching a pair of keys tightly in their hands, looking over their shoulder, or making sure a friend is on the phone are measures many women say they've taken to protect themselves.
Women like Amy and Olivia say they wish they didn't have to think about their own safety, but when they walk round Manchester after dark 'instinct kicks in.'
