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Mike Webster, Lecturer, School of Biology, University of St Andrews

Animals learn survival tricks from others -- even if they live alone

Even solitary animals, like the octopus, learn survival tricks from other animals. Olga Visavi/Shutterstock

Many animals live in groups. One of the main benefits of this is shared knowledge. This information can help animals tackle problems such as where to find food and mates, how to follow migration routes and how to avoid predators.

Other animals in the group are valuable sources of information. Rats, for example, learn which kinds of food are safe to eat by smelling it on the breath of other members of their colony. While Indian mynah birds learn about new predators through the distress calls of their companions.

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