When history recalls the wealthiest empires of the world, the Mughal Empire often features prominently for its opulent courts, monumental architecture, and dominance in the Indian subcontinent. At its peak around the 17th century, the Mughal Empire controlled about 24 % of the world’s economy, making it one of the richest states of its era.
However, history also records several other empires whose wealth, trade influence, and economic power rivalled or surpassed that of the Mughals — yet they are far less prominent in popular discourse. Below are seven such empires, drawn from regions across Africa, Asia, and Europe.
