The root of human civilisation is language – be it written, spoken, signed, sung or instrumentalised. Our ability to communicate both emotionally and intellectually sets us apart from other species, allowing us to relate to one another through shared experiences and affinities.
Indeed, when NASA was deciding what to put on the Voyager Golden Records– a series of sounds and images selected to portray the diversity of life on Earth to potential aliens – a 90-minute selection of global music was deemed essential.
One wonders, if NASA had been able to include more, would they have thought to include a defining novel of human existence – and if so, which one? While we cannot assume that extraterrestrial beings can understand the written word (which is why the record’s instructions are engraved in a symbol-based language), would the works of Chaucer, famously the father of the English language, make the cut?
If not Chaucer’s tales, how about one of the best-selling novels of all time? In both 1977, when the records were made, and today as we enter 2024, the Bible remains the most sold and circulated piece of literature in the history of the planet. According to the Guinness Book of World Records, a survey by the Bible Society concluded that approximately 2.5 billion copies were printed between 1815 and 1975, but more recent estimates put the number at more than 5 billion.
On the other hand, J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series has the most entries on the list of best-selling novels ever – but it might be confusing for foreign life forms to delve into the wizarding world if they don't understand the Muggle one first.
Literature and language are so vast and wide-ranging that we’re not surprised a novel didn’t make it onto Voyager's Golden Records. However, the many pieces of literature which have made the best-seller list since the invention of the printing press represent incredibly important historical zeitgeists – moments where humans have felt inherently connected by a singular text, penned by one person.
Reading a best-selling piece of literature not only has the power to expand one’s worldview, but it can plunge you back into a significant moment in history, to help you better understand the past, present and future. If you’re in the market to dive into a legendary book that's somehow not made it to your bookshelf, you’ve clicked through to the right place.
To come up with this list, we’ve stuck to a simple criterion of novels which have sold between 20 and 100 million copies across the world. Spanning timeless fiction as well as cult classics, keep scrolling to discover 24 of the best-selling novels of all time to read in 2024.
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A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens
One of the first novels to feature an interwoven narrative, Dickens’ A Tale of Two Cities follows the lives of one exiled aristocrat, Charles Darnay, and a lawyer named Sydney Carton. The two men become irrevocably intertwined in a battle for the affection of Lucie Manette, the daughter of a political prisoner. A work of historical fiction set in the years before and during the French Revolution, Dickens’ iconic novel revolves around the concept of duality, and it’s where you’ll find those infamous lines, “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times…”
Buy now £4.49, Amazon
The Little Prince (Le Petit Prince) by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
Originally written in French, The Little Prince is technically a children’s book yet serves as a parabolic tale of morality and virtue, the lessons from which many of us have taken with us into adulthood. If you’ve ever found yourself questioning the meaning of life, we highly recommend picking up this seemingly unlikely, beautifully illustrated guide.
Buy now £9.15, Amazon
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone by J. K. Rowling
For all of J.K Rowling’s controversies, the Harry Potter series remains the bestselling set of fantasy books of all time. We’re not sure we have to remind you of the plot – which follows a young boy who discovers that he is a wizard – but take this as a sign to finally pick up a physical copy of your favourite magical series.
Buy now £7.99, Waterstones
And Then There Were None by Agatha Christie
Perhaps the most beloved novel to come from the Queen of Crime herself, Agatha Christie’s And Then There Were None is the story of a motley bunch of 10 strangers who are picked off one by one while on a remote island near the Devon coast. The year is 1939, and Europe is on the precipice of war. Hosted by two mysteriously absent, yet highly generous benefactors referred to as Mr and Mrs U.N. Owen – when the first member of the party is killed, the remaining survivors must piece together the unravelling events before they too meet a most terrible fate.
Buy now £9.99, Waterstones
The Story of the Stone / Dream of the Red Chamber (紅樓夢) by Cao Xueqin
Known as a ‘great novel of manners’ and one of the four great classical novels in Chinese literature, The Story of the Stone, which is also known as Dream of the Red Chamber is split into an eye-watering five volumes. Xueqin’s epic series charts both the glory days and devastating decline of the illustrious Jia family, while exploring universal questions of religion, philosophy, private and public lifestyle and social relations in 18th-century China.
Buy now £13.19, Amazon
The Hobbit by J. R. R. Tolkien
Published in 1937, the story which began the Lord of the Rings franchise is beloved by fans across the globe. When a simple hobbit by the name of Bilbo Baggins decides to set off on a wondrous adventure which takes him far away from the rolling hills of the Shire – Mr Baggins, alongside the wizard Gandalf and the thirteen dwarves of Thorin’s company - soon finds himself swept-up in an unexpectedly Odyssean tale of heroism, sacrifice and delight.
Buy now £8.99, Amazon
She: A History of Adventure by H. Rider Haggard
H. Rider Haggard is credited with developing the ‘lost world’ genre which authors continue to emulate to this day. Her brilliant late 19th-century novel She follows a professor named Horace Holly and his ward Leo Vincey as they set off on an adventure to discover a lost kingdom in Africa. While on their travels, they encounter indigenous communities which lead them to the city ruled by Ayesha – otherwise known as she-who-must-be-obeyed.
Buy now £6.99, Amazon
The Da Vinci Code by Dan Brown
One for the lovers of codes and riddles, Dan Brown’s The Da Vinci Code received high praise when it was first published. A few shoddy blockbuster adaptations later, and the general population seem to have forgotten the fantastic narrative-building and codebreaking achieved by Brown in the first novel in the brilliant series. When Harvard professor Robert Langdon is called to Paris after the brutal murder of an elderly Louvre curator, he and a gifted French cryptologist Sophie Neveu find themselves in the talons of a dangerous trail that leads them into the still-beating heart of Leonardo Da Vinci’s artwork.
Buy now £6.99, Amazon
The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho
It’s rare to come across someone who has read Coelho’s The Alchemist, and who hasn’t declared it to be a life-changing piece of literature. It follows the journey of a young Andalusian shepherd who travels to the great pyramids of Egypt to discover a treasure which appeared to him in a dream. During his arduous journey, he is confronted by trials and tribulations which offer us greater moral lessons. Though often marketed as a self-help book, The Alchemist also serves as a philosophical text which offers insight into our motivations as human beings, and what we can offer to both ourselves and the world at large.
Buy now £18.99, Amazon
The Catcher in the Rye by J.D Salinger
The first of J.D Salinger’s books to be published, The Catcher in the Rye takes place over just two days in the life of 16-year-old Holden Caulfield following his expulsion from prep school. An essential teenage read – whether you are currently a teenager, or you’ve found yourself caring for one – we follow Caulfield’s aggravated and convoluted stream of consciousness as he rails against the falsity of adult life.
Buy now £11.58, Amazon
One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel García Márquez
A masterpiece of magical realism this Nobel prize-winning novel follows seven generations of the Buendía family, and the town they built from the ground up called Macondo. Though scarcely considered a settlement, the isolated dwelling of Macondo suffers wars, disasters and even miracles on an almost global scale. As such, it slowly becomes clear that the Buendía family’s small town serves as a microcosm for Columbia as a whole. It’s extremely difficult to put into words the swirling, paradigmatic semantics of Márquez’ work, but it is often cited as one of the supreme achievements in world literature.
Buy now £9.19, Amazon
The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald
A timeless classic, The Great Gatsby tells the story of a wealthy man and his pursuit for his childhood sweetheart, all set against the backdrop of the glamorous 20s. A masterful example of the American Dream in action, Fitzgerald’s novel goes far beyond romance and addresses themes of excessive wealth, human follies and the fragility of life.
This special edition includes a foreword by famed movie director, Francis Ford Coppola as well as exceptional artwork throughout that brings to life Gatsby’s lavish parties and frivolous lifestyle.
Buy now £42.95, Folio Society
Lolita by Vladimir Nabokov
An extremely subversive novel that certainly isn’t for the faint-hearted, Nabokov’s Lolita is about the paedophilic poet Humbert Humbert and his obsession with a twelve-year-old girl called Lolita. Often deemed an inherently comedic, yet entirely repulsive literary monster – Nabokov by no means seeks to condone the thoughts and actions of this savage narrator.
Buy now £9.99, Waterstones
Watership Down by Richard Adams
In a slight subversion of the classic ‘the boy who cried wolf’ parable, a young rabbit called Fiver is convinced that his burrow is in imminent danger. Yet the rolling hills of Sandleford Warren are experiencing fresh dapples of Spring sunshine, and none of the other rabbits have any concerns. Together with his sister Hazel and a few other daring rabbits, they nevertheless leave Sandleford in search of the safe haven of Watership Down – encountering many trials and tribulations along the way.
Buy now £9.99, Waterstones
To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee
Though not as popular on the UK literature syllabus as it is in the US, Harper Lee’s seminal novel is nevertheless just as beloved on our side of the pond. A story about classism and racism in the American Deep South in the 1930s, To Kill a Mockingbird is a coming-of-age story told through the eyes of Scout and Jem Finch, the children of a lawyer who has been tasked with defending a black man who has been falsely accused of rape. Delivering anti-racist messages far beyond its historical moment, Lee’s novel offers fascinating, yet gut-wrenching insight into southern society during the Great Depression.
Buy now £8.27, Amazon
Flowers in the Attic by V.C Andrews
A Gothic drama to sink your teeth into, four siblings find themselves trapped at the mercy of their own mother and grandmother. After weeks become months, the children soon come to the realisation that their mother might not let them out of the attic after all, and they embark on a terrifying struggle to survive the conspiring members of their family that live below them.
Buy now £9.99, HarperCollins
War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy
Though often considered the book on one’s shelf that remains untouched from the moment it was purchased (due to its whopping 1,440 pages), Tolstoy’s War and Peace is still one of the best-selling novels of all time. Set during the time of Napoleon’s doomed Russian invasion, War and Peace follows the lives and motivations of five families from each tier of the feudal system throughout the tumultuous, early 19th century Russia.
Buy now £12.99, Waterstones
The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini
An unforgettable, heartbreaking literary feat, Hosseini’s The Kite Runner is the story of an unbreakable friendship between a wealthy Afghan boy named Amir, and the son of his father’s servant – a boy named Hassan. The tragic story is narrated by Amir, as he reflects on his childhood in Kabul and the life-changing event which catalysed his desire for redemption.
Buy now £8.99, Amazon
The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins
Set in a dystopian universe which has been ravaged by a bloody revolution, an annual event known as the Hunger Games exists to quell rebellion and keep the country’s factions in line. A battle to the death which takes two tributes from each of Panem’s twelve districts, the series follows the unlikely success of a tribute from district twelve as she finds herself in the heart of the Capitol, fighting for her life and her freedom.
Buy now £8.99, Waterstones
Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen
This classic romance novel has captured the hearts of readers across the globe since its initial publication in 1813. Our supposedly plain Heroine Elizabeth Bennet wants nothing more than for her abundance of sisters to be married off, so she can live a quiet and peaceful life at home. Yet when she finds herself in the unshaking gaze of the handsome and wealthy Fitzwilliam Darcy – who judges, challenges and frustrates her beyond belief, all of Lizzy’s plans for herself appear to unravel.
Buy now £5.99, Amazon
The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo by Stieg Larsson
Now’s the time to finally pick up your very own copy of the international bestseller. The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo is the first of Stieg Larsson’s six-part series which follows an unlikely team of murder investigators put together by the uncle of Harriet Vanger, who disappeared from a gathering on the family’s island forty years ago. Disgraced financial journalist Mikael Blomkvist and tattooed hacker Lisbeth Salander risk everything to uncover the secrets of the twisted Vanger clan and solve the mystery of Harriet’s disappearance.
Buy now £6.26, Amazon
Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe
A chronicle of the life of Okonkwo, a wealthy, respected warrior and the leader of an Igbo community, Achebe charts the rise and eventual fall of the novel’s protagonist following his accidental murder of a clansman, while delivering wider insight into the cultural practises of Igbo society.
Buy now £7.65, Amazon
Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes
A parodic chivalric romance, Don Quixote has become a reference point in language for likening someone to an impractical idealist. Nevertheless, the protagonist of this sprawling narrative, Don Quixote de la Mancha, is on a mission to restore chivalry to its former glory by transforming himself into an admirable knight, using famous works of literature as his reference point.
Buy now £10.11, Amazon
The Secret History by Donna Tartt
Donna Tartt’s The Secret History isn’t your average murder mystery – for we know who is killed, and who the killers are, within the first few pages of this dark tale. The narrator of this inverted piece of crime fiction, Richard Papen, transfers to an elite liberal arts college in Vermont to escape his disinterested and abusive family in California.
Papen finds himself enamoured by a small group of seemingly perfect, erudite Greek students who are taught in secretive tutorials by an eccentric professor. Desperate to enter into the folds of the seemingly impenetrable group, Papen manages to convince the faculty to switch majors – a decision which would turn out to be both deadly and damning.
Buy now £9.19, Amazon
