12 best ways to get cars out of cities – ranked by new research

A stretch of the Champs-Élysées around the Arc de Triomphe in Paris is due to be pedestrianised by 2030. Shutterstock

Question: what do the following statistics have in common?

• The second-largest (and growing) source of climate pollution in Europe.
• The leading killer of children in both the US and Europe.
• A principal cause of stress-inducing noise pollution and life-shortening air pollution in European cities.
• A leading driver of the widening gap between rich and poor urban residents.